Iyo usuzumye ibyawegutunganya amazi mabiinzira, tangira ugena icyo ukeneye kuvana mumazi kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa.Hamwe nimiti ikwiye yo kuvura, urashobora kuvana ion hamwe nibintu bito byashonze mumazi, hamwe nibishobora guhagarikwa.Imiti ikoreshwa munganda zitunganya imyanda zirimo cyane cyane: pH igenzura, coagulant,flocculant.
Yamazaki
Flocculants ikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda hamwe nibisabwa kugirango bifashe kuvanaho ibintu byahagaritswe mumazi mabi muguhuza umwanda mumabati cyangwa "flocs" zireremba hejuru cyangwa zigatura hepfo.Zishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu koroshya lime, kwibanda kumashanyarazi hamwe no kubura amazi.Ibimera bisanzwe cyangwa minerval birimo silika ikora na polysaccharide, mugihe flokulants ya syntetique isanzwepolyacrylamide.
Ukurikije amafaranga hamwe nubumara bwamazi yamazi yanduye, flocculants irashobora gukoreshwa wenyine cyangwa ifatanije na coagulants.Flocculants itandukanye na coagulantsmuburyo busanzwe ari polymers, mugihe coagulants ari umunyu.Ingano ya molekuline (uburemere) hamwe nubucucike bwikigereranyo (ijanisha rya molekile hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa anionic cyangwa cationic) birashobora gutandukana "kuringaniza" kwishyuza ibice byamazi mumazi bikabatera guhuriza hamwe hamwe no kubura umwuma.Muri rusange, anionic flocculants ikoreshwa mugutega imyunyu ngugu, mugihe floculants cationic ikoreshwa mugutega ibice kama.
PH umuyobozi
Kurandura ibyuma nibindi byanduza mumazi yanduye, hashobora gukoreshwa umugenzuzi wa pH.Kuzamura pH y'amazi, bityo ukongera umubare wa ioni hydroxide itari nziza, ibi bizatera ion ibyuma byashizwemo neza guhuza hamwe na hydroxide yatewe nabi.Ibi bivamo gushungura bivuye mubyuma kandi bitangirika.
Coagulant
Kubikorwa byose byo gutunganya amazi mabi atunganya ibintu byahagaritswe, coagulants irashobora guhuza imyanda ihagaritswe kugirango ikurweho byoroshye.Imiti ya coagulants ikoreshwa mugutegura amazi mabi yinganda igabanijwemo kimwe mubyiciro bibiri: organic and organic.
Inorganic coagulants irahenze kandi irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwagutse bwa porogaramu.Zifite akamaro kanini kurwanya amazi mbisi yumuvuduko muke, kandi iyi progaramu ntabwo ikwiranye na coagulants.Iyo wongeyeho amazi, coagulants ya organic organique iva muri aluminium cyangwa fer igwa, ikurura umwanda mumazi ukayisukura.Ibi bizwi nkuburyo bwa "swep-and-flocculate".Mugihe bigira akamaro, inzira yongerera ubwinshi bwimyanda igomba gukurwa mumazi.Coagulants ikunze kuboneka harimo aluminium sulfate, chloride ya aluminium, na sulfate ferric.
Coagulants kama ifite ibyiza bya dosiye nkeya, umusaruro muke muto kandi nta ngaruka kuri pH yamazi yatunganijwe.Ingero za coagulants zisanzwe zirimo polyamine na polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, hamwe na melamine, formaldehyde na tannine.
umurongo wa flocculants na coagulants wagenewe kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi mabi no kugabanya igiciro rusange cyibikorwa bitandukanye byo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro, byujuje ibyifuzo byimiti itunganya amazi muburyo butandukanye bwo gusaba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-15-2023